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Ku cinca ka Propylene na Hypochlorous Acid
Kusuka eka mavonelo ya reaction mechanism, loko propylene yi endla reaction na hypochlorous acid, athomo ya chlorine eka hypochlorous acid yi kombisa electrophilicity naswona yi hlasela makumu lawa ya fuweke hi ti electron ya propylene double bond, yi endla chloronium ion intermediate. Leswi swi fambisana na endlelo ra classic electrophilic addition mechanism eka organic chemistry, leri hlamuseriweke hi vuxokoxoko eka buku leyi nge Basic Organic Chemistry Reaction Mechanisms.
Ku hangalasiwa ka swihumelerisiwa swa reaction exikarhi ka propylene na hypochlorous acid swikuceteriwa hi swilo swohambana hambana, kufana na mahiselo ya reaction. Loko mahiselo ya lawuriwa kwalomu ka 25°C, xiphemu xa xiendliwa lexikulu xitshama xirikarhi xitshamisekile, naswona mbuyelo wa chlorohydrin wunga fika kwalomu ka 60%, tani hileswi swikatsiweke kusuka eka data yotala ya swikambelo. Ku hlawula ka reaction leyi swina nkoka swinene: ehansi ka swiyimo swokarhi swa reaction, swihumelerisiwa swa kinetic swivumbiwa hiku tsakela, kasi xiphemu xa switirhisiwa swa thermodynamic swiya swikula hakatsongotsongo loko nkarhi wa reaction wukula. Nxopaxopo wa thiyori wa ku cinca eka ku hlawula ka reaction eka ti reaction to tano wu nyikiwile eka Chemical Reaction Kinetics na Thermodynamics. Ti solvents tina mbuyelo lowukulu eka reaction: eka ti polar solvents tofana na ethanol, nhlayo ya reaction ya hatlisa hikuva ti polar solvents ti n’okisa ku antswa ti reactants naswona ti hlohletela ku endliwa ka ti ionic intermediates, ku kumiwa loku tiyisisiweke hi swikambelo swotala swa ti khemikhali. Eka reaction exikarhi ka propylene na hypochlorous acid, nhlayo ya hypochlorous acid yina nkucetelo lowukulu eka nhluvuko wa reaction. Eka nhlayo yale hansi ya hypochlorous acid, mpimo wa reaction wu nonoka; loko nhlayo yi tlakuka, mpimo wa hatlisa, kambe nhlayo yale henhla swinene yinga endla leswaku kuva na ku tlakuka ka ti side reactions. Swikambelo swikombisa leswaku reaction yitirha kahle eka hypochlorous acid concentration ya 0.5 mol/L.