Kawanishi, Japan, Nov. 15, 2022 /PRNewswire/ — Timhaka ta mbango to fana na ku cinca ka maxelo, ku hela ka switirhisiwa swa ntumbuluko, ku herisiwa ka tinxaka ta swiharhi, ku thyakisa tipulasitiki na ku tsemiwa ka makhwati swi nyanya emisaveni hinkwayo hikwalaho ka ku buluka ka vaaki.
Carbon dioxide (CO2) i gasi ya greenhouse naswona i xin’wana xa swivangelo leswikulu swa ku cinca ka maxelo. Eka mhaka leyi, endlelo leri tivekaka tani hi “artificial photosynthesis (CO2 photoreduction)” ringa humelerisa switirhisiwa swa organic swa mafurha na tikhemikhali kusuka eka CO2, mati na eneji ya dyambu, tani hileswi swimilani swi endlaka swona. Hi nkarhi lowu fanaka, switlhela swihunguta ku humesiwa ka CO2, tani hileswi CO2 yitirhisiwaka tani hi swakudya swa vuhumelerisi bya eneji na switirhisiwa swa ti khemikhali. Hikwalaho, photosynthesis yo endliwa yi tekiwa tanihi yin’wana ya thekinoloji ya sweswinyana ya rihlaza.
Ti MOFs (Metal Organic Frameworks) i switirhisiwa swa ultraporous leswi vumbiwaka hi swirhabyani swa tinsimbi letinga riki ta ntumbuluko na ti organic linkers. Tinga lawuriwa eka levele ya molecular eka nanometer range naswona tina ndzhawu leyikulu yale henhla. Hikwalaho ka swivumbeko leswi, ti MOFs tinga tirhisiwa eka vuhlayiselo bya gasi, ku hambanyisa, ku adsorption ka nsimbi, catalysis, ku nyikiwa ka murhi, ku basisiwa ka mati, ti sensors, electrodes, filters, etc. Sweswinyana, ti MOFs tikumeke tiri na vuswikoti byo khoma CO2 lebyi nga photoreduced CO2, leswivulaka, artificial photosynthesis.
Ti quantum dots, hi tlhelo rin’wana, i switirhisiwa swa ultrathin (0.5–9 nm) leswi swivumbeko swa swona swa optical swi fambelanaka na milawu ya quantum chemistry na quantum mechanics. Ma vuriwa “tiatomo to endliwa kumbe timolekhuli to endliwa” hikuva thonsi rin’wana ni rin’wana ra quantum ri ni tiatomo kumbe timolekhuli ta magidi ma nga ri mangani kumbe ma nga ri mangani ntsena. Eka mpimo lowu wa vukulu, ti levele ta eneji ta ti electrons ati ha ya emahlweni naswona ti hambanisiwa hikokwalaho ka xiendlakalo xa physical lexi tivekaka tani hi quantum confinement effect. Eka xiyimo lexi, ku leha ka magandlati ya ku vonakala loku humesiwaka ku ta ya hi vukulu bya tinhla ta quantum. Ti quantum dots leti tinga tlhela titirhisiwa eka artificial photosynthesis hikokwalaho ka vuswikoti bya tona byale henhla byo tswonga ku vonakala, vuswikoti byo humesa exciton yotala xikan’we na ndzhawu leyikulu yale henhla.
Havumbirhi bya ti MOF na ti quantum dots swi endliwile ehansi ka Green Science Alliance. Khale, va tirhise hiku humelela switirhisiwa swa MOF quantum dot composite ku humelerisa formic acid tani hi catalyst yo hlawuleka eka artificial photosynthesis. Hambiswiritano, ti catalysts leti tina xivumbeko xa powder naswona ti catalyst powders leti tifanele ku hlengeletiwa hiku sefiwa eka endlelo rin’wana na rin’wana. Hikwalaho, tanihi leswi maendlelo lawa ya nga yaka emahlweni, swa tika ku ma endla swikombelo swa ku tirhisiwa loku tirhaka eka tiindasitiri.
Hi ku hlamula, Tatana Tetsuro Kajino, Tatana Hirohisa Iwabayashi na Dokodela Ryohei Mori va Green Science Alliance Co., Ltd. va tirhise thekinoloji ya vona ku endla leswaku swihlohloteri leswi swo hlawuleka swa photosynthesis yo endliwa swi nga fambi eka maphepha ya malapi lama nga durhiki naswona va endle endlelo lerintshwa ro endla formic acid. leyi nga tirhaka hi ku ya emahlweni eka switirhisiwa leswi tirhaka swa tiindasitiri. Endzhaku ko hetiwa ka artificial photosynthesis reaction, mati lawa yanga na formic acid yanga humesiwa leswaku yata humesiwa, naswona mati yantshwa yo tenga yanga cheriwa endzhaku eka xigwitsirisi leswaku yata tshama yarikarhi yasunguriwa artificial photosynthesis.
Formic acid yinga siva mafurha ya hydrogen. Xin’wana xa swivangelo leswikulu leswi sivela ku hangalaka ka vaaki va hayidirojeni emisaveni hinkwayo hileswaku hayidirojeni i athomo leyitsongo swinene evuakweni hinkwabyo, hikwalaho swa tika ku yi hlayisa, naswona ku endliwa ka thangi ra hayidirojeni leri nga ni vuyelo lebyikulu byo pfalela swi ta durha swinene. Ku engetela kwalaho, gasi ya hayidirojeni yi nga ha pfurha naswona yi va ekhombyeni ra vuhlayiseki. Tanihi leswi formic acid yi nga mati, swa olova ku yi hlayisa tanihi mafurha. Loko swilaveka, formic acid yinga tirhisiwa ku hlohletela vuhumelerisi bya hydrogen in situ. Ku engetela kwalano, formic acid yinga tirhisiwa tani hi raw material eka ti khemikhali to hambana hambana.
Hambi leswi ku tirha kahle ka photosynthesis yo endliwa ka ha ri ehansi, Green Science Alliance yi ta ya emahlweni yi lwela ku antswisiwa ka vukorhokeri ku simeka matirhiselo lama tirhaka ya photosynthesis yo endliwa.